Nolosha Shelf ee ugu badan ee likaha King Trumpet (Pleurotus eryngii)

Muddada ilaalinta boqoshaada buunka boqorka waxay ku xidhan tahay xaaladaha kaydinta iyo daawaynta goosashada ka dib. Hoos waxaa ah borotokool la hagaajiyay oo ay taageerayaan daraasaadka ilaalinta cuntada (IFT, 2022) iyo tilmaamaha USDA:

1. Qaboojiyaha caadiga ah

• Heerkulka: 0-2°C (± 0.5°C)
• Qoyaanka: 90-95% RH
• BaakadahaBacaha polyetylenka daloolsan (5-8 godad/cm²)
• Nolosha shelf:
  • Boqoshaada oo dhan: 12-14 maalmood (miisaan dhimis <3%)
  • boqoshaada la jarjaray: 7-9 maalmood (tirinta microbial-ka la xakameeyey <10⁴ CFU/g)

Qodobka Muhiimka ah: CO₂ fiirsashada ≤2000 ppm si looga hortago neefsashada anaerobic.

2. Baakadaha Jawiga ee La Bedelay (MAP)

• Halabuurka Gaaska: 5% O₂ + 10% CO₂ + 85% N₂
• Nooca FilimkaFilimka BOPP/PE ee dahaaran (OTR: 3000–4000 cm³/m²·24h·atm)
• Nolosha shelf:
  • 18-21 maalmood (ma laha midab madow ama madow)
  • Dhaqdhaqaaqa polyphenol oxidase ayaa hoos u dhacay 65%

Xaqiijinta: Tijaabooyinka bioluminescence ATP waxay xaqiijinayaan cusub (RLU <800).

3. Vacuum Precooling + Qaboojin

• Qaboojin ka hor: Iska yaree heerkulka ubucda ilaa 4°C 30 daqiiqo gudahood
• Qabow: IQF at -35°C → Kaydinta at -18°C
• Nolosha shelf:
  • 10-12 bilood (hayn qoraalka>80%)
  • Ma jiro khasaare nafaqo oo muhiim ah (protein ≥92%, polysaccharides ≥88%)

Xakamaynta tayada: Blanching (95 ° C / 2 min) ka hor inta aan la qaboojin waxay joojisaa browning enzymatic.

4. Farsamada Dahaarka la cuni karo

• Foomamka dahaarka: 1.5% chitosan + 0.2% nano-SiO₂
• Faa'iidooyinka:
  • Dib u dhigistu furista 5-7 maalmood
  • Waxay hoos u dhigtaa heerka neefsiga 40%
  • Waxay ilaalisaa adkaanta (≥12 N xoogga daloolinta)